Feast of San Juan what to eat. Celebrating Saint Joan's Day in Spain

In Russia, the night of Ivan Kupala has always been one of the favorite holidays. Now we do not celebrate it so widely, but we still love it. Warm summer, the shortest nights. Sad only because the day begins to wane.

How do the Spaniards celebrate this day? Do they celebrate at all and what is the name of the holiday?

All of Spain every year is looking forward to the shortest and most magical summer night of the year, which will come from 23 to 24 June. Perhaps, this day is celebrated there much more actively than we do today.

End of June! Most enjoyable time. Summer is already in full swing, but the end is still far away. The nights are short and warm, which pleases everyone - both the younger generation, who is ready to walk around the clock and the older one, who worries about those walking around the clock.

It just so happens that in Rus' and Spain these days they celebrate essentially similar holidays, they are even called similarly - St. Juan's Day and Ivan Kupala. Moreover, both here and in Spain this is one of the favorite holidays. We began to forget our traditions a little, so not everyone celebrates the holiday, but those who remember - have fun from the heart.

This is a pagan holiday. It is dedicated to the exorcism of evil spirits. And fire and water contribute to this, just like ours. Fire gives the sun power! By the way, a good time to get rid of any wooden junk in the house!

Have you ever jumped over the fire on Ivan Kupala? For sure, yes. But not everyone knows that this is not only fun entertainment, but also a ritual of cleansing from sin. At least that's what our ancestors believed. The Spaniards believe too. And they also dance. A Spanish holiday without dance is no longer a holiday. On this day they dance the dance of joy and wealth. Tourists willingly take part in this.

Bonfires are lit all over Spain that night. By itself, the sight of fire is always fascinating. And when this happens on a warm summer night, and even on the seashore, it's an amazing feeling.

This holiday is so popular that it is held everywhere, both in big cities and in small villages. Bonfire, wine, good mood - that's all you need for happiness!

The Spaniards, like us, are trying to find a flowering fern to make their most secret desires come true. And in Spain they believe that under such a flower there is always a treasure. True, there is no official data on the fact that someone actually found it. But the Spaniards do not lower the wreaths into the water. They climb into the water themselves! In the sea! It is already warm almost everywhere at this time. And the Costa Blanca is so very warm. We believe that water acquires magical healing properties at Epiphany, and the heat-loving Spaniards are counting on Saint Juan in this matter. By the way, many Spaniards do not open the swimming season until this day, considering it a sin. Therefore, entering the water is a special pleasure!

Tables are set right on the street, if the town is on the seashore, then you can also on the beach.

Fires alone are not enough for complete happiness. The fire festival is hard to imagine without fireworks and fireworks. Thousands of colorful sparks soar into the sky and are reflected in the sea! Catalonia is especially famous for its fireworks on this day. These days, the famous fireworks festival takes place in the vicinity of Barcelona. Many people deliberately guess the dates of their vacation for this event, and those who live closer, in neighboring countries, come for this night to see all this beauty.

And what a spectacle from above! From the tops of the mountains, from observation platforms, from the roofs of high-rise buildings! You see fire and fireworks from all sides! In short, “he who does not light a fire on San Juan does not “light the whole year”. (Qui encen foc per San Joan es crema en tot l'any). This is the middle of the year, a kind of "equator", when there are 6 months left before Christmas, it's time to take stock of what has already happened and take all measures so that the remaining time brings only positive emotions. While the grooms are busy with fireworks and firecrackers, the girls are guessing, guessing for a meeting with their beloved one. Here again, we can safely draw a parallel between us and the Spaniards.

And just “for good luck” not only an unmarried girl can tell fortunes, but also anyone who wants to.

It is enough to pick up a transparent vessel with water at midnight and send it to the sky.

If 7 stars are reflected - wait for good luck! If the number of stars is paired, success will come, but for this it will be necessary to make an effort. If this is not a seven, but another odd number, you will have to be patient and wait for your happy hour for another year.

For those who don't have enough bonfires and fireworks, they can go to the Citadel. Here, on June 23-24, the most popular festival Festes de San Juan takes place. Horse riders from the island of Menorca demonstrate their skills to everyone! An exciting spectacle.

On the Costa Blanca, San Juan is one of my favorite holidays. In Alicante, it is celebrated merrily and on a grand scale. If you are vacationing or going to vacation in these parts, you should not regret that you could not go to the celebration in Barcelona. There will be a lot of impressions!

Bonfires, horse races, bullfights, music concerts, sports competitions and many other events await guests.

On the streets, you can dance and relax, having a bite to eat in specially installed tents. You should definitely try the national cake made from tuna and figs! There is always a queen of her own at the feast. She is chosen from the winners of the beauty pageant in every district of the city. The fireworks here are just amazing! When you stand in the night sea, the wave caresses your feet, you are waiting for some kind of miracle, and then everything is lit up with fire from all sides - is this not it, not a miracle?

And how can all this be put into words? No way. It just needs to be seen and felt. Oh, how do you understand the tourists who come here a day, two or three later than the celebration, because this is how the “card lay down”, their regret has no boundaries, the eyes of the hotel neighbors themselves burn like fireworks when they talk about what happened here just yesterday happened. So, if you are thinking about what date it is worth taking tickets for in June, remember this holiday so that it would not be a shame that you “missed” just for one day. But if one of the children is very afraid of fireworks, then on the contrary, it is better to think over the dates so that the child sees all this later, when he grows up, and the fear will go away. It may not work at all to find “a quiet place where you can’t hear and it’s not scary” that night. And often, for example in Alicante, fireworks illuminate the sky not for one night, but for several days.

Costa Blanca lives this holiday for a whole week. In advance, amazing giant figures made of cardboard and wood grow on the streets and squares of Alicante, which will then be burned. Installation sometimes takes several days, they are so large. It's already a tradition.

By the way, about cakes, pies and other treats. Of course, a lot of wine and sparkling cold cava - Spanish champagne - are drunk on this day. And what do they eat? All sorts of goodies!

One of the traditional dishes on this day is the Coca de San Juan pie. It must be tasted so that happiness comes to the house. There is a treat for every taste - sweet for champagne, salty for beer. To wine - as you like. What piece do you want? A sweet pie is a muffin with fruits and candied fruits, and a salty pie is just with tuna, sausage and cracklings! All this is prepared according to different recipes, each family has its own secret of cooking. But there is one general rule. In order for wishes to come true, certain proportions must be observed. The length of the pie is exactly twice as long as its width! True, not everyone knows about this rule.

As we bake Easter cakes for Easter, so the Spaniards bake these “cakes of happiness” in June. Or buy in a store. Queues can even form outside bakeries. They take for themselves, for friends, for guests, well, just like we do on Easter days. With a salty option - they came up with a cool idea, it seems like it’s no longer a dessert, but a main course, and the additives can be different!

Take your adventure! A bottle of cold champagne by the fire on the seashore, fragrant, soft cake, fortune-telling on the stars, romance and love. Just be prepared for the fact that at any moment somewhere nearby something can catch fire or explode loudly. It’s too early for children to think about romantic dates, so they have fun, scare couples in love with firecrackers. A wonderful day when no one forbids playing with pyrotechnics.

June 23, 2013, 21:35

June 20-23 is known to be the summer solstice and the shortest night of the year. The roots of the Feast of St. Juan, akin to the Night of Ivan Kupala, go back to pagan times, and the celebration itself personifies the victory of light over darkness.

Like the Slavic Ivan Kupala, the Spanish fiesta dates back to pre-Christian times and is associated with the summer solstice - the shortest night of the year. In our hemisphere, it falls on June 20, 21 or 22 in different years. With the adoption of Christianity, the ritual part of the holiday was timed to coincide with the birthday of John the Baptist (Spanish: San Juan) and “moved” to June 24th. So there is no longer a strict astronomical correspondence to the solstice. The elements to which the rituals are dedicated are the sun, fire and water. But the main symbol, of course, is fire. Everywhere they burn fires and it is considered. that impure thoughts are burned there and the spirit is purified. During the celebration, people jump over bonfires to purify their thoughts with fire. In some parts of Spain, participants in the celebration walk on burning coals or ride horses through crowded streets.

Thousands of bonfires are lit along the Riazor coast in La Coruna, northern Spain, during the celebration of the night of Saint Juan.

A rider on a horse in the crowd in the center of Ciutadella, on the Spanish island of Minorca, during the celebration of Saint Juan's Day.


Preparing the embers to be walked on in San Pedro Manrique, Soria province in northern Spain.

A man jumps over a bonfire on the coast of Malvarrosa in Valencia.

A party carrying a girl on his back walks over embers on Saint Juan night in San Pedro Manrique, Soria province in northern Spain.


Celebration in the city of Ciutadella, on the Spanish island of Minorca.


People gathered around a campfire in the southern Spanish city of Malaga.


Pictured are the famous espetos de sardinas (fire-roasted sardines).


People celebrate around a fire on the coast in Valencia.


A boy jumps over a fire on the coast of Zurriola in San Se6astian.

A party walks over burning coals in San Pedro Manrique, Soria province, northern Spain.

Usually on the night of St. Juan, it is customary to burn all sorts of unnecessary things in the fire, which is what this woman does on the coast of Malaga, southern Spain.

Bonfires on the coast of Zurriola in San Se6astian.

In Tenerife, the center of the celebration of the night of St. Juan traditionally becomes the Playa Jardin beach in the city of Puerto de la Cruz: places on the sand here must be occupied since the evening. At midnight, thousands of people will rush into the ocean, because only today the water has magical powers and will protect against ailments and misfortunes for the whole next year. And the lights on the shore are designed to drive away all evil spirits, which are especially dangerous and active on this night.

A couple looks at a burning fire near the Spanish city of Malaga.

The Spaniards are very sensitive to the celebration of St. Juan's Night (Spanish: La Noche de San Juan) - they collect verbena, clover and valerian, believing that the herbs picked on this magical night have miraculous properties. Sometimes the Catalans call the Feast of Saint Juan "Verbenas" (Spanish: Verbenas de San Juan).

A week before the holiday, a cannonade begins on the streets, leading an ignorant person into amazement. By the number of pyrotechnics burned these days, fireworks and firecrackers launched, the holiday resembles the New Year holidays in Russia.

A man sleeps on Valencia's Malvarossa beach amid the rubbish left from the celebration.

Saint Juan's Night is almost the most important summer holiday for the people of Barcelona. The city is filled with lights, incendiary Spanish songs with a guitar, flamenco dances, music and fireworks.

According to ancient belief, it is necessary to light a fire on this night, because in this way a person is cleansed of his failures. On this occasion, there is even a saying in Catalonia that says: “Qui encen foc per San Joan es crema en tot l`any” (“Who does not light a fire in San Juan does not “light” the whole year”).

And they “light up” in Catalonia to the fullest! Fortunately, the next day is an official holiday, so the Catalans walk all night long, with families, children, parents and friends, drawing tourists and visitors into the fun whirlpool of the holiday.

In Barcelona, ​​as in other coastal Spanish cities, bonfires are made right on the seashore. According to tradition, a torch must be lowered from the mountain called Flama del Canigo (Flame of Canigo), from which all the fires of this night will then be lit. Cheerful crowd, screams, fireworks, music, night swimming in the sea - a fiesta, in which some plunge headlong, and from which others try to escape away from the city.

On this night, the sardana is necessarily performed in the squares - a traditional Catalan dance of joy and brotherhood, in which anyone can take part. The beauty and mesmerizing mystic action lasts all night, which does not prevent its participants from consuming large quantities of wine and coca pies, which are considered a guarantee of health and happiness.

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Tours to Spain for the festival of Saint Juan
Spain is rich in traditions and holidays and many tourists buy tours to Spain. to see them in person. Saint Juan's Day is considered one of the most popular holidays among the local population. In recent years, this holiday has been made more ambitious and a festival has been organized on its basis.
The festival of Saint Juan is held every year from June 20th to 24th and attracts a huge number of tourists, both from Spain and from abroad. These days, the streets are filled with masquerades, songs and dances, and fireworks constantly rumble at night.
Light a fire (it is believed that the fire will burn all the bad things). The distribution of firewood, they say, is arranged by the municipality, free of charge. You can jump over the fire (especially for those who are younger), you can run around and dance around ...
You can cook food on it...
Pictured are the famous espetos de sardinas (fire-roasted sardines). It is recommended to eat at any time of the year.
At midnight you can start swimming in the sea.
June 20-23 is known to be the summer solstice and the shortest night of the year. The roots of the Feast of St. Juan, akin to the Night of Ivan Kupala, go back to pagan times, and the celebration itself personifies the victory of light over darkness. The elements to which the rituals are dedicated are the sun, fire and water. But the main symbol, of course, is fire.
The Spaniards are very sensitive to the celebration of the Night of St. Juan (Spanish: La Noche de San Juan) - they make fires and collect verbena, clover and valerian, believing that the herbs plucked on this magical night have miraculous properties. Sometimes the Catalans call the Feast of St. Juan Verbenas” (Spanish: Verbenas de San Juan).
A week before the holiday, a cannonade begins on the streets, leading an ignorant person into amazement. By the number of pyrotechnics burned these days, fireworks and firecrackers launched, the holiday resembles the New Year holidays in Russia.
Saint Juan's Night is almost the most important summer holiday for the people of Barcelona. The city is filled with lights, incendiary Spanish songs with a guitar, flamenco dances, music and fireworks. According to ancient belief, it is necessary to light a fire on this night, because in this way a person is cleansed of his failures. On this occasion, there is even a saying in Catalonia that says: “Qui encen foc per San Joan es crema en tot l`any” (“Who does not light a fire in San Juan does not “light” the whole year”). And they “light up” in Catalonia to the fullest! Fortunately, the next day is an official holiday, so the Catalans walk the day of St. Juan in Spain all night long, with families, children, parents and friends, drawing tourists and visitors into the fun whirlpool of the holiday. In Barcelona, ​​as in other coastal Spanish cities, bonfires are made right on the seashore. According to tradition, a torch must be lowered from the mountain called Flama del Canigo (Flame of Canigo), from which all the fires of this night will then be lit. Cheerful crowd, screams, fireworks, music, night swimming in the sea - a fiesta, in which some plunge headlong, and from which others try to escape away from the city.
And, of course, this holiday is not complete without a traditional pie - Coca de San Juan (Spanish: Coca de San Juan) in a dessert version. Moreover, in length it must certainly be exactly twice as large as in width. Of course, this fun is always accompanied by the joyful drinking of the main drink of this night - the Catalan champagne Cava.
To visit Spain these days means to surrender, as the Spaniards are excellent at doing, to a fabulous extravaganza with all my heart!


Every night from 23 to 24 June, Spain is illuminated by thousands of bonfires - the Bonfires of St. John the Baptist, marking one of the most special nights of the year - the eve of St. John's Day or St. John's Night (Spanish: Hogueras de San Juan, cat. Fogueres de Sant Joan). Hundreds of cities celebrate the arrival of the summer solstice with a ceremony in which fire acts as a catalyst for ancient rituals and traditions for a magical night full of symbolism. On this shortest night of the year, the arrival of summer is celebrated. The holiday is especially popular in the Catalan lands, for this reason some Catalan nationalists call June 24 the national day of the Catalans. A festival with big bonfires to jump over is held in many cities (Jávea, Benidorm, Teulada Moraira, Torrevieja...), but the biggest one is in Alicante, where this festival is one of the most significant.

Bonfires of Saint John, 2005
Until 1928, the day of St. John the Baptist was celebrated in Alicante in the same way as in other European countries: the burning of old furniture on June 24th. This holiday is close to the summer solstice, and it was probably originally a summer solstice holiday, however, under the influence of the Christian church, the authorities banned it and replaced it with the Nativity of John the Baptist. The Bonfire Festival of Saint John began in 1928.

Jose María Py, the founder of the festival, explained this with a desire to organize a festival in Alicante, equal in scale to the Valencian fire festival - Fayas or Fallas (from the Latin fax - torch), with the difference that in Alicante instead of old furniture they burn " ninots" are large street figures (or dolls) that are real works of art: many artists spend months making these sculptures from combustible materials - wood, paper and cardboard. Therefore, the holiday, which officially begins on June 20, begins with the installation of the ninotses, dolls, mostly depicting people, and the archways to the "barracks" (barraques), which won at the beginning of June at the Exhibition. In addition to dolls, firecrackers and other fireworks fly into the fires.


The history of this holiday is rooted in antiquity, when the pagans celebrated the day of the summer solstice. On the shortest night of summer, people praised the Sun - the main life-giving force. It was believed that at this time the door to the other world opens slightly, and miracles enter everyday life. The symbols of the holiday were fire, water and medicinal plants. People burned fires all night, swam in ponds and collected herbs. The Spaniards are very sensitive to these traditions and collect verbena, clover and valerian, believing that the herbs plucked on this magical night have miraculous properties, special magical powers. Sometimes the Catalans call the Feast of Saint Juan "Verbenas" (Spanish: Verbenas de San Juan). According to ancient belief, it is necessary to light a fire on this night, because in this way a person is cleansed of his failures. On this occasion, there is even a saying in Catalonia that says: “Qui encen foc per San Joan es crema en tot l`any” (“Who does not light a fire in San Juan does not “light” the whole year”).
Francisco Zurbaran. San Juan de la Cruz, 1656Fragment of an engraving by Father Fray Juan de la Cruz
from the Book of Description of True Portraits,
famous and unforgettable people"
Francisco Pacheco (1564-1644), [Seville]
Royal Academy of History (Madrid)
Man depicted as a Franciscan friar
native of Seville, lived between 1545 and 1582
The love for the pagan holiday was so strong that with the adoption of Christianity, the Spaniards decided not to abandon it, but simply give it a different name. It turned out that June 24 is Saint Juan's birthday. "John of the Cross (also known as Juan de la Cruz and John the Cross, Spanish Juan de la Cruz, at birth Juan de Yepes Alvarez, Spanish Juan de Yepes Álvarez; (June 24, 1542, Fontiveros, Spain - December 14, 1591, Ubeda , Jaén, Spain) is a Christian mystic, Catholic saint, writer and poet, reformer of the Carmelite order, and a Church teacher.<...>The fundamental principle of the theology of St. John is the assertion that God is everything and man is nothing. Therefore, in order to achieve a perfect union with God, which is what holiness is, it is necessary to subject all the abilities and forces of the soul and body to an intense and deep purification "(Wikipedia). His name was given to the holiday. And now, after two thousand years, the Spaniards adore San Juan.

Coca with vegetables

Coca royal

Coca Saint Ivan is a sweet pizza,
which is prepared once a year: on the day of St. John the Baptist
San Juan's traditional dish is Coca pie, a thin, usually sweet biscuit dough reminiscent of Italian pizza, with various toppings: pieces of oranges, melons, cherries, candied fruit, jelly, roasted almonds or hazelnuts, chocolate, and capsicum ( Mexican pepper), tuna, sausage, eggplant, onion, sometimes potatoes and, of course, various spices - always has a traditional rectangular shape. It is believed that the length of the cake should be exactly twice the width. Melted lard is used instead of butter to prepare the cake. Also on this night they eat coca with tuna and fresh figs. By the way, the paella competition starts here at the beginning of June. It is customary to drink all this on San Juan Night with wine and cold cava - no, not coffee, but local champagne.

Night of Saint Juan.
Pictured are the famous espetos de sardinas (fire-roasted sardines).
In summer, when the water temperature rises and plankton multiply, it is the most favorable time for the sardine, because it begins to eat more, gain weight and, therefore, become tastier. Therefore, in some provinces of Spain, on the festive night of San Juan (Ivan Kupala), it is customary to fry sardines, eat this delicacy with cornbread, wetting it in sardine fat. However, this fish has its own holiday in Spain. On the first Thursday of June, all coastal fish restaurants of the resort coast of the Costa del Sol celebrate the Dia de Pescaito holiday, translated into Russian, the Day of Fried Fish. Together with the Cantabrian bonito, the sardine is a high quality summer fish, but unlike the former, the sardine is also caught all over the Spanish coast, making it even more popular. In addition, the sardine has a lot of cooking methods, but everyone knows that the sardine fried on coals, which is eaten with hands, on bread or on potatoes - espetos de sardinas, is considered the most delicious.

The exact date of birth of espetos de sardinas is unknown. However, the first records of this dish date back to the end of the 19th century. The painting "La Moraga" (1879) by the artist Horacio Lengo from Malaga reflects this way of preparing sardines on the beaches of Malaga. The chronicle of the visit of King Alfonso XII to Axarquía in January 1885 indicates that he tasted these famous espeto. In 1882, El Palo already had the first establishment selling espetos de sardinas. Local historians agree that the first people to come up with this special way of cooking fish were fishermen who used leftover fish and reed plantations near the beach to make espetos de sardinas.


A sardinero cook is a sought-after and highly paid job. But also very heavy. Try to cook thousands of sardines on an open fire under the scorching sun during the day - it's very difficult! The most famous Sardinero chef in Malaga is the Pole Damian Nowak. He is very proud that he was able to get such an atypical job for a foreigner. These chefs, like the sprat sellers, are very loved by the inhabitants of the city, so a monument was also erected to them on La Malagueta beach.

Sergi Arola is one of the first chefs to use sardine as an integral part of their menu. His latest culinary invention is the Tatar sardine steak served with tomato ice cream and sea foam. Another chef, Diego Guerrero, the owner of two Michelin stars, recently presented a dish of sardine in a pot at his restaurant El Club Alliard. At Kabuki Restaurant, Chef Ricardo Sanz, who is renowned for his own Spanish interpretations of Japanese cuisine, has introduced the classic sardine with breadcrumbs and tomato to his menu. One of the best chefs in Valencia is Ricard Camarena, who recently proved with his dishes that sardine goes very well with rice. And in Andalusia, for several years in a row, Dani Garcia in his Calima restaurant spoils visitors with wonderful Mauritanian sardine in a special tomato sauce. Also, an excellent smoked sardine with olive pits can be tasted in the Aponiente restaurant, chef Angel Leon.


Secrets of cooking sardine at home
Christiano Alvarez came up with a wonderful recipe a few years ago in which the sardine must first be thoroughly peeled and cut into pieces, then spread skin side down, salted and put in the oven for a short while. In a frying pan, you need to fry the pepper with garlic until golden brown. Then season the sardine with a bite (however, I think lemon juice would be better) and, having decomposed the fried mass into pieces, slightly darken it all in the oven. Ready!


However, real espeto de sardinas are prepared exclusively on the beach. Why? Very simple - only on the beach, Sardinero chefs have the right to make an open fire. And espeto without fire is like barbecue without coals. Does not work. The second reason is that when cooking sardines, they smell very strongly of fish (and cooked too), so in any enclosed space the smell becomes almost unbearable and indestructible. Sardines, cooked a week ago at my house, still smell!


but it also happens...
Correctly cook small sardines, which are called sprats in the Baltic. It is best to try them in those months of the year that do not have the letter “r” in their names, that is, from May to August. The rest of the time, sardines lose fat and half of their taste. In September, however, it is still not quite late, there is still fat in sardines, checked. Sardines are sprinkled with coarse salt and strung on sticks of bamboo stalks, and only in this way. They are fried over an open fire in special braziers in the shape of boats, and sometimes converted from old fishing boats. In addition to sardines, other types of fish, squid and even vegetables are cooked this way. But the sardines are definitely worth a try!


On the night of 23 to 24 June absolutely ALL light fires, set off fireworks and eat huge amounts of La Coca. So the Catalans celebrate Ivan Kupala - a holiday of summer, fire and sun. Coca is a typical pie, it can be sweet or savory, there are a lot of variations. The most popular option is puff pastry with cream and pine nuts.
½ liter milk, 4 eggs, 100 g sugar, 2 tablespoons cornmeal, 1 cinnamon stick, peel of one lemon, puff pastry, pine nuts
Beat sugar and 4 eggs well. Add a little cornmeal, do not stop stirring. Set aside.
Bring milk with cinnamon stick and lemon peel to a boil (over medium heat). Strain the milk from the cinnamon and lemon. Remove from fire.
Add the beaten eggs to the milk and mix well. Again, put on fire (medium). Keep stirring until thickened. Remove from fire and set aside.
Roll out the dough (2 identical sheets), put on a greased baking sheet. Pierce with a fork. Spread cream over dough. Cover with a second sheet. Lubricate with protein, sprinkle with sugar and nuts.
Preheat the oven to 180 degrees (bottom and top), bake for 20 minutes until golden brown.

After June 24, the holiday does not end, but on June 25 it moves to the Postiguet beach and continues until June 29. At this time, fireworks competitions, sporting events and a medieval street fair are held.

Other cities are not far behind. The tradition is well known in Andalusia, Asturias, Galicia, Cantabria, Castile, Leon, Valencia and the Balearic Islands. Here are some of the most popular holidays in Spain:


Riazor beach (Playa de Riazor)
Bonfires of Saint John in La Coruña (Galicia),
announced as a festival of international importance in 2003,
attract up to 100,000 people annually
Festival of Saint John in the Citadel (Balearic Islands)
Many towns and villages in the Balearic Islands celebrate Saint John's Night. Tradition dictates that you must burn something old or a piece of paper on which you have written what you would like to change, and you must jump 3 times while it burns. But the festival of Saint John in the Citadel (Minorca), celebrated since the 14th century, stands out among them. Along with bonfires, fire and fireworks, the main feature of the holiday is the horse. Everyone participates in the festival on the occasion of St. John's Day. Riders prance through the streets on horseback to the rhythms of traditional songs.

In Barcelona, ​​as in other coastal Spanish cities, bonfires are made right on the seashore. According to tradition, a torch must be lowered from the mountain called Flama del Canigo (Flame of Canigo), from which all the fires of this night will then be lit. Cheerful crowd, screams, fireworks, music, night swimming in the sea - a fiesta, in which some plunge headlong, and from which others try to escape away from the city.

Las Fallas de Isil (Lleida)
Flama del Canigó (Tarragona): to light fires in the villages, flames are brought from neighboring mountains
The Catalans call this night “Nit del foc”, which means “night of fire”. Fireworks are the main attribute of the holiday. Local residents begin to stock up on them in a few months. And with the sunset, the whole city turns into one sparkling, iridescent and exploding platform. Closer to midnight, the Catalans rush to the sea, where they have nightly picnics.


On this night, sardana or sardans (cat. sardanes) are necessarily performed in the squares - a traditional Catalan dance of joy and brotherhood, the embodiment of pride and unity of the Catalan people. The dance has a round dance character - its participants line up in a circle and, holding hands, perform certain movements to the music. The number of participants is unlimited, so anyone can participate. The beauty and mesmerizing mystic action lasts all night, which does not prevent its participants from consuming large quantities of wine and coca pies, which are considered a guarantee of health and happiness.

There is no exact date and place of the appearance of the sardana, but it is known that the dance has been popular since the 16th century. Sardana expresses the national spirit of the Catalans, symbolizes their unity. This dance was also called the "dance of protest", because it is performed not by professional dancers, but by ordinary people, not on stage, but in the square. By the way, during the years of the dictatorship of Franco, who held power in his hands for 30 years, from the late 1940s to 1975, the sardana was officially banned. Franco considered the Catalans a threat. Their desire to be independent and deep national pride he took for arrogance and arrogance, and treated this as a personal insult. His antipathy towards the Catalans was so strong that he passed many destructive laws in an attempt to stifle the traditions and language of Catalan culture, making Spain unified. Therefore, he banned Catalan traditions, and also introduced a veto on communication in the Catalan language. Now there are mainly two types of this dance: the historical original style - a short sardana (sardana curta) and a more popular modern style - a long sardana (sardana llarga).

What is a sardana? People line up in a circle. This may be a circle of exclusively men or women, or there may be people of both sexes, or couples in love. In a genuine sardana, people take part in casual clothes, people of all ages join the dance. They hold hands and raise them up, moving behind the leader, who sets the movement and rhythm. The movements in the sardane are incredibly precise and performed with extreme care, one wrong step and you will knock the whole circle out of rhythm. Therefore, it is recommended to watch, without participation. Dancers can get very upset by an awkward traveler who will fit into the circle and break the whole rhythm. When the sardane circle becomes too large, more circles are formed, and as a result, you can see a marvelous picture of 4 or 5 round dances. Sardana is accompanied by, so to speak, “cobla”, a small group of musicians with bass instruments and a solo flute “flaviol”, the rhythm (meter 6/8) which is given by a tambourine.

Quema de Juanillos (Cádiz)
In Cadiz, dolls made by the inhabitants of the city are also burned, but most of them represent important or famous personalities or events of the year.

On Tenerife, the largest island of the archipelago of the seven Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean), the center of the celebration of the night of St. Juan traditionally becomes the Playa Jardin beach in the city of Puerto de la Cruz: places on the sand must be occupied here since the evening. At midnight, thousands of people will rush into the ocean, because only today the water has magical powers and will protect against ailments and misfortunes for the whole next year. And the lights on the shore are designed to drive away all evil spirits, which are especially insidious and active on this night. However, the Festival is celebrated throughout the archipelago, but especially in Gran Canaria and its capital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, founded on Saint John's Day in 1478 by Juan Rejon and the troops of Castile after the victory over the Guanches ). In 1492, Christopher Columbus made a stop at Las Palmas before his first voyage to America. On his way back to Spain, he also stopped in the city. Today, a museum in the city's Vegeta quarter is named after him. At the end of the 16th century (1595), there were quite a few attacks on the island by English corsairs (John Hawkins, Francis Drake). However, Las Palmas was not taken. The city also withstood the onslaught of the Dutch navigator Pierre van der Doyes (1599). On June 28, 1599, a decisive battle took place between the Dutch and Spanish troops, after which the Dutch were forced to forget once and for all about their claims to the Canary Islands. In honor of this victory, the Cathedral of the Canary Islands (Catedral de Canarias) was built, dedicated to Saint Anna, the patroness of the city. So these days it's fun.

The festival of St. John is the most important holiday in Lanjarón, a small town in the province of Granada (Spain), known since ancient times for the beneficial properties of mineral water, which spouts from underground fountains throughout the city, and then is bottled and sold throughout Spain. The city is full of flowers and people ready to enjoy. Exactly at midnight on St. John's Day, all residents of the city and guests, taking pre-prepared water tools: water pistols, cannons, huge multi-colored buckets and even hoses with trucks filled with water, arrange a water battle of everyone against everyone and everyone against everyone. And the only places in the city that can save you from the abundance of water are local bars, since going to a water bar is a local taboo. However, just an hour later, at exactly 1:00, the water battle ends. Participants change their clothes and until morning in the bars and on the streets with free beer and tapas, they all meet the new day together. It is believed that being doused with healing water on this day means receiving the blessing of higher powers for a whole year of a healthy and happy life, and therefore the inhabitants of the city are trying their best to get wet themselves and wet as many people around as possible, giving them health and good luck.


Asturias celebrates Saint Juan's Day with enthusiasm, but its Celtic past is heavily influenced by the rituals and traditions that welcome the arrival of summer. Fairies, winged snakes, goblins and fauns are common on St. John's Night in Mieres, one of the most popular festivals.


Preparing the embers to be walked on in San Pedro Manrique, Soria province in northern Spain.