Dictation on the cells of the machine. Fascinating activity for preschoolers - graphic dictations
Graphic dictations
(Drawing by cells)
Going to school is an important moment in the life of a child and his parents. The better the child will be prepared for school psychologically, emotionally and intellectually, the more confident he will feel, the easier it will be for him to adapt to the period in elementary school.
Graphic dictations or drawing by cells for preschoolers well help parents and teachers to systematically prepare the child for school and prevent such typical learning difficulties as underdevelopment of spelling vigilance, restlessness and absent-mindedness. Regular classes with these graphic dictations develop the child's voluntary attention, spatial imagination, fine motor skills of the fingers, coordination of movements, and perseverance.
Drawing by cells is a very exciting and useful activity for children. This is a playful way to develop a baby's spatial imagination, fine motor skills of fingers, coordination of movements, perseverance. Graphic dictations can be successfully used for children from 5 to 10 years old.
Performing the tasks proposed in the tasks below - graphic dictations, the child will broaden his horizons, increase his vocabulary, learn to navigate in a notebook, and get acquainted with different ways of depicting objects.
How to work with these graphic dictations:
In each dictation, tasks are given for children 5-7 years old.
Graphic dictation can be performed in two versions:
1. The child is offered a sample of a geometric pattern and asked to repeat exactly the same pattern in a squared notebook.
2. An adult dictates a sequence of actions indicating the number of cells and their directions (left, right, up, down), the child performs the work by ear, and then compares his image of an ornament or figure with a sample in the manual using the overlay method.
Graphic dictations are supplemented with riddles, tongue twisters, tongue twisters and finger gymnastics. In the course of the lesson, the child develops correct, clear and competent speech, develops fine motor skills of the hands, learns to highlight the distinctive features of objects, replenishes his vocabulary.
Tasks are selected according to the principle "from simple to complex". If you begin to study these graphic dictations with your child, complete the tasks with him in order: start with the very first simple dictations and gradually move on to more complex ones.
For classes, you need a checkered notebook, a simple pencil and an eraser so that the child can always correct the wrong line. For children 5 - 6 years old, it is better to use a notebook with a large cage (0.8 mm) so as not to strain your eyesight. Starting with graphic dictation No. 40, all drawings are designed for an ordinary school notebook (they will not fit in a notebook in a large cage).
The tasks use the following notation: the number of cells to be counted is indicated by a number, and the direction is indicated by an arrow. For example, the entry:
During classes, the mood of the child and the friendly attitude of the adult are very important. Remember that classes for a child are not an exam, but a game. Help the baby, make sure that he does not make mistakes. The result of the work should always satisfy the child, so that he wants to draw in cells again and again.
Your task is to help the child in a playful way to master the skills necessary for a good study. So never scold him. If something does not work out for him, just explain how to do it right. Praise your baby more often, and never compare with anyone.
The duration of one lesson with graphic dictations should not exceed 10-15 minutes for children of 5 years old, 15-20 minutes for children of 5-6 years old and 20-25 minutes for children of 6-7 years old. But if the child is carried away, do not stop him and interrupt the lesson.
Pay attention to the landing of the child during the dictation, how he holds the pencil. Show your child how to hold a pencil between the knuckles of the index, thumb, and middle fingers. If the child does not count well, help him count the cells in the notebook.
Before each lesson, be sure to talk with your child about the fact that there are different directions and sides. Show him where is the right, where is the left, where is the top, where is the bottom. Pay attention to the baby that each person has a right and left side. Explain that the hand he eats, paints, and writes with is his right hand, and the other hand is his left. For left-handers, on the contrary, left-handers must be explained that there are people for whom the working hand is right, and there are people for whom the working hand is left.
After that, you can open the notebook and teach the child to navigate on a sheet of paper. Show the child where the notebook has the left edge, where is the right, where is the top, where is the bottom. It can be explained that earlier at school there were slanted desks, so the upper edge of the notebook was called the top, and the bottom edge was called the bottom. Explain to the baby that if you say "to the right", then you need to lead the pencil "there" (to the right). And if you say “to the left”, then you need to lead the pencil “there” (to the left) and so on. Show your child how to count the cells.
You yourself will also need a pencil and an eraser in order to mark the lines you read. Dictations are quite voluminous, and so as not to get confused, put dots with a pencil in front of the lines you are reading. This will help you not get lost. After the dictation, you can erase all the points.
Each lesson includes a graphic dictation, a discussion of images, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles and finger gymnastics. Each stage of the lesson carries a semantic load. Classes with a child can be built in a different sequence. You can first do finger gymnastics, read tongue twisters and tongue twisters, and then do a graphic dictation. On the contrary, you can first do a graphic dictation, then tongue twisters and finger gymnastics. Riddles are best guessed at the end of the lesson.
When the child draws a picture, talk about the fact that there are objects and there are images of them. Images are different: photographs, drawings, a schematic image. Graphic dictation is a schematic representation of an object.
Talk about how each animal has its own distinctive features. A schematic representation shows distinctive features by which we can recognize an animal or object. Ask your child what are the distinguishing features of the animal he has drawn. For example, a hare has long ears and a small tail, an elephant has a long trunk, an ostrich has a long neck, a small head and long legs, and so on.
Work with tongue twisters and tongue twisters in different ways:
1. Let the child pick up the ball and, rhythmically tossing and catching it with his hands, say a tongue twister or tongue twister. You can toss and catch the ball for every word or syllable.
2. Let the child say a tongue twister (pure tongue twister), throwing the ball from one hand to the other.
3. You can say a tongue twister by clapping the rhythm with your palms.
4. Offer to say the tongue twister 3 times in a row and not get lost.
Do finger exercises together so that the child sees and repeats the movements behind you.
And now that you have got acquainted with the basic rules for conducting a graphic dictation, you can begin to study.
Each dictation opens in a new window. To print it, right-click on the picture and select "Print".
Graphic dictations are interesting drawings in a notebook according to the scheme. The child enthusiastically creates an image that should be the result. And parents, using them, will be able to prepare the child for school and prevent many difficulties that may arise. Let's take a closer look at what it is.
Cell drawings
With this most interesting, exciting game, which will also contribute to the development of the baby, you will be able to captivate the baby while waiting in line for a long time, do not let him get bored while traveling, or just have a good time with him at home.
The child with great interest draws in his notebook in the cells. This is precisely his main task in their implementation. It is important to be able to draw the line, following a clear instruction. The result of the work will be the resulting image of an object.
Benefit
Graphic dictations are a good help to parents and teachers in preparing the child for school. With the help of them, you can help him avoid the difficulties that students have during training. Among them, undeveloped spelling vigilance, absent-mindedness, poor concentration, restlessness.
Studying with a preschooler regularly, you will develop attention, logical and abstract thinking, imagination, perseverance, fine motor skills, the ability to navigate on a sheet, and coordinate your movements. You will teach your child how to hold a pen and pencil correctly, teach them how to count. Performing graphic dictations, the kid will learn the concepts of "right-left", "top-bottom", consolidate the knowledge gained in practice.
The child draws in the cells under the dictation of the task by adults. At the same time, he carefully listens to what needs to be done, that is, he learns to listen and hear what an adult tells him, to focus on what was said. These skills are among the most important in learning at school.
Being engaged at least twice a week, after 2-3 months you can see the result. In addition, by performing graphic dictations, the baby will expand his horizons, expand his vocabulary, and learn different ways of depicting objects. With the help of this playful form of training, the child will be able to master the skills that will be useful to him for successful learning.
You should start practicing no earlier than the baby is four years old. It is at this age that the development of fine motor skills is already possible. Interest in graphic dictations is manifested not only among preschoolers, but also among adolescents, who will also benefit greatly from them.
Training
This step is the first step. It represents the acquisition of everything necessary to perform graphic dictations. You will need a collection of dictations that is suitable for the crumbs by age. For kids, dictations are suitable that contain the concepts of “right-left” and “top-bottom”, without angular movements. As the child grows up and masters the ability to do the task correctly, you can gradually introduce and move along the diagonals of the cells.
Collections can be purchased in bookstores, they can be found on sale in stationery, second-hand bookshops. You can find a huge number of different graphic dictations on the Internet and print them. Or you can create your own image.
You will also need a checkered notebook or separate sheets, a pen or pencil, and an eraser. The finished image can be colored with colored pencils or felt-tip pens.
When all the necessary materials that are required for conducting a graphic dictation are selected, you need to prepare a crumb for it. To do this, learn the concepts of “right-left” with the baby, show him where the sheet has the top and where the bottom is, he needs to understand what “moving up” or “moving down” means. Tell us how you need to move the pen, count the required number of cells.
How to teach
A well-prepared workplace is essential for the course to take place. The table must have a smooth and level surface. Furniture should be appropriate for the growth of the baby. On the chair, the child should sit straight and even. Good proper lighting is required.
Prepare sheets with graphic dictations. At first, it is necessary that the crumbs have before their eyes a sample of the completed task. Also, a simple pencil and an eraser should lie in front of the baby. It is necessary to remove incorrectly drawn lines and the ability to continue the execution of the graphic dictation. Also, when you are just starting to teach a child to perform such tasks, an adult should do this with him on his piece of paper and correct the child, showing and explaining on his sample.
Include physical minutes during the lesson. It is necessary to give rest to the eyes and hands of the baby.
Start learning. To do this, mark a starting point on the baby’s sheet or explain to him how he can do it on his own. Tell him that it is from this point that it is necessary to start moving in a given direction and count the number of cells that you name.
Now start dictation. Put a mark on your worksheet where you finished. This will help you not to get confused yourself and not to confuse the child.
Watch how the baby performs the countdown. Prompt him the direction of movement, if he is still confused in the concepts of "right-left". If he makes mistakes when counting the required number of cells, then at first do it with him.
Time for practice
Stages of conducting classes
Any individual lesson should consist of several stages of its implementation. Preferably. so that it includes: the graphic dictation itself, a conversation about the resulting image, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles, physical minutes, finger gymnastics. The semantic load must be present at all stages of its implementation, the sequence of which may be different.
For example, you can do finger gymnastics with your child, say tongue twisters and tongue twisters. It is better if they are dedicated to the selected image. Then you conduct the graphic dictation itself.
Spend a physical minute approximately in the middle of its implementation. After the child has seen the resulting image, it is necessary to conduct a discussion. Tell him interesting facts about him, ask him to compose a story on his own. After the discussion, ask the child riddles.
It is possible to conduct the lesson in a different order. At the beginning of the exercise, gymnastics for the fingers is carried out. Then work on the graphic dictation itself with a physical minute. And then it is already necessary to discuss the details, speak tongue twisters and tongue twisters, and solve riddles.
During the discussion, explain to the kid that the drawing by the cells is a schematic representation of objects, tell us about the difference between a schematic image, a picture and a photograph. Explain to the child that in the schematic image you can see the features of objects that distinguish them from others, by which they can be recognized. For example, a distinctive feature of a hare will be long ears, an elephant can be recognized by its trunk, a giraffe by its long neck.
If you want the lesson not to become boring, you can diversify the work on tongue twisters and tongue twisters. It is possible to use a ball that the child will rhythmically throw up on all individual words or syllables. You can transfer it from hand to hand. You can clap the rhythm of a tongue twister or tongue twister. You can also ask to try to pronounce the tongue twister several times in a row and not get confused.
Types of graphic dictations
Graphic dictations can be divided into two types.
- Performing it under dictation. This type implies dictation of the order of drawing by adults. The child perceives information by ear.
- Execution in the given order. This type is characterized by ready-made sheets offered to the child with a task written on top of the sheet. Tasks look like this: 2, 2 →, 2 ↓, 2 ← (you get a square). The child performs them, looking at the proposed scheme, where the number indicates the number of cells that need to be moved, and the arrow indicates the direction of movement.
According to the level of complexity, graphic dictations can be divided into:
- for beginners;
- lungs;
- complex.
They can be used by both kindergarten teachers, teachers at school, and parents in the process of home schooling.
- When choosing tasks, you should take into account the individual interests of your baby, his gender, and age. For the little ones, it will be interesting to draw on the cells of various little animals: bunnies, bears, cats. Girls will be happy to draw flowers or princesses. Boys will be delighted with cars, robots, castles, funny little men. If a child, for example, is passionate about playing musical instruments, you can draw treble clefs, notes and musical instruments with him.
- You should start by drawing simple geometric shapes: a square, a rectangle, a triangle, a rhombus, etc. In addition to all the benefits of drawing by cells, you will also learn their names with your baby. For those who are just starting to master drawing by cells, simple dictations performed in one color are suitable. The level of difficulty of tasks must be increased gradually.
If you want to teach a child to navigate in a notebook, get used to working in it, then you should use the notebook sheets or complete the task in the notebook itself.
- Make classes varied, draw with the baby those animals that he does not yet know, accompany the drawing with a story about them. Use colors that the baby has not yet learned. Let the kid tell you about what image he got. Expand your child's horizons and vocabulary. Learn new words, talk about where and how they can be used.
- Do not be nervous if the baby does not succeed immediately. Prompt him and push him a little to the correct completion of the task. Remember that classes should be held with a positive attitude and in the form of a game. It is necessary to create a friendly environment. Then the child will be engaged with pleasure.
Don't overload your baby. Do not continue the lesson if he is tired. Better to finish the job later. Don't compare him to other kids. Praise your child for a job well done.
Only when such conditions are created, training will be fruitful and successful, and the baby will study with pleasure.
The following video provides an example of a graphic dictation for a child that you can use on your own at home.
See the following video for an example of a lesson.
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Children are very fond of drawing; it is one way to express yourself and develop your visual memory. But sometimes they need a little inspiration to get them moving forward, which is why we created our selection! Here are a few drawings sorted by year for your child to try.
Be sure to read the rules for drawing by cells in this article before starting.
Do not forget that all children are different if your child cannot draw drawings by year. This does not mean that something is wrong with him, he is simply talented in something else.
Drawings by cells for children 5 years old
Turtle
heart
Drawings by cells for children 6 years old
Crocodile
Drawings by cells for children 9 years old
From the age of 9, the child should already color their simple drawings.
Light color drawing of a watermelon
Drawings by cells (video)
Drawings by cells for children 10 years old
At 10 years old, the child draws more complex and interesting color drawings.
colored turtle
colored dog
pink pokemon
Drawings by cells for children 12 years old
At 12 years old, children will already be at the peak of their skills! Then everything will depend on the talent and imagination of your child.
Good luck to everyone in your studies. Don't forget to send us your drawings by email. [email protected]. We will definitely post them on our website!
Draw by cells (video)
Preparing for school is a long stage in your child's development. Classes should begin no earlier than a year before this moment. Educators and parents have a huge selection of a wide variety of math exercises and tasks to achieve this goal. Among them, graphic dictations in cells for preschoolers are of no small importance.
Fun or hard task?
For many children, such pictures by cells in a notebook are an interesting game and exciting entertainment. It is important for an adult not to turn this activity into a boring, tedious duty, where the baby is scolded for failures. And then the child will always be happy to do it.
But for many kids, it can be difficult. Most often they are associated with the fact that the child has not yet mastered the count within 10, he confuses the concepts of “right-left”, “top-bottom”. In this case, adults need to help the baby avoid mistakes, correct him, and praise him for a positive result.
Age at which you can start exercising
You can start drawing by cells with a child from the age of 4. The first homework at this age should be easy. At first, you can complete the task with the baby on a board or piece of paper so that he sees how to move. For beginners, drawing simple geometric shapes is quite suitable. You can start with the image of a square, rectangle, simple patterns. You can learn to move diagonally from the drawings of a triangle, trapezoid, rhombus.
At 5 years old, a child may well draw simple pictures from dictation without visual support.. For example, you can invite him to draw a flower on paper. Also, a five-year-old preschooler can quite cope with drawing a house or an airplane.
For children 6-7 years old, tasks can begin to complicate, introducing more diagonal lines into them. An example of such a task would be a drawing of a rocket.
Lesson methodology
You should start the lesson with the preparation of the workplace and the necessary materials. Drawings are made in a notebook in a box with a simple pencil. In order for the child to have the opportunity to correct the mistake, an eraser is required, with which incorrectly drawn lines are removed. An adult should prepare or print out an instruction with a sample task. You can not tell the child which drawing will be the goal of the graphic dictation. After correct execution, he will see the result on his sheet.
As a rule, the instructions offer digital designations with arrows, such as 2, 3←. The numbers in this case indicate the number of cells by which it is necessary to move in a given direction. It is indicated by an arrow that is drawn next to the number. So, in our example, you should read: move 2 cells up, 3 cells to the left. They start moving from the starting point, which the adult sets himself for the younger children, and older preschoolers can already be offered to set it on their own.
Before starting a lesson for preschoolers, you need to repeat with them the count within 10, the concepts of “right-left”, “top-bottom”. You can ask the baby to show what it means to "move to the right side, move up, to the left of, move down."
Try to diversify the very conduct of the graphic dictation by including tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles, finger gymnastics, physical minutes, discussion of the results obtained and a conversation or story in the lesson. It is desirable that everything included in the lesson be on the same topic as the drawing.
Before conducting a graphic dictation, give the child the installation that it is necessary to try to draw even, neat lines and be very careful when completing the task.
After the dictation is finished, be sure to praise the baby for the result achieved, if necessary, find with him the place where he made a mistake and correct it. If the child has a desire, then you can invite him to color the finished picture or shade it. If the child is not tired yet and wants to continue the lesson, then you can ask him to come up with a drawing by cells on his own, and then, together with him, make a graphic dictation according to his figure.
Methods for conducting graphic dictations
You can conduct a graphic dictation in different ways.
- For those guys who are just starting to deal with them, the easiest way is suitable - under the dictation of an adult. In this case, the teacher or parent dictates to the child how many cells and in what direction it is necessary to move.
An example of such a dictation is the "Dog" dictation. The task is performed by a crumb under the dictation of instructions by adults.
- The second way is to offer the child a sheet of paper on which the instructions for completing the task are written and the starting point is set from which the child needs to move. The child himself looks at the number of cells and the direction of movement.
See graphic dictation as an example
- "Car"
- "Horse"
- "Ship"
- The third way is drawing by symmetry. In such dictations, the child is offered a sheet on which half of the drawing is shown and a line of symmetry is drawn. The child completes the drawing by symmetrically counting the required number of cells.
Here, an adult draws half of the Christmas tree and draws a line of symmetry. Children are invited to finish the second half symmetrically.
- The fourth method is suitable for older children. Here the child is offered a sheet with a sample of graphic dictation. The child must draw the same picture on his sheet as in the sample, independently counting the required number of cells and determining the direction in which he needs to move. Such dictations can be not only in the form of drawing lines through the cells, but also with painting over the required number of cells with colored pencils completely. As a result, the baby in the notebook gets a colorful, beautiful picture.
A simple option might be an "Elephant" drawing. Offer the child only the finished image and put a point from which he needs to move.
In the same way, you can invite the child to draw a “Snake”, which is also easy to complete (the instruction should be removed, offering only a ready-made version) or “Squirrel”.
More difficult tasks are
And even more difficult to implement will be such schemes:
Benefits of completing assignments
Positive results from working with graphic dictations can be seen in 2-3 months if you regularly offer them to preschoolers, at least several times a week. There is even a diagnostic technique by D.B. Elkonin, which is called “Graphic Dictation”. Its purpose is to determine the level of development of the prerequisites for learning activities in older preschoolers. After all, they are a good help in preparing the crumbs for schooling.
Performing graphic dictations, the kid prepares his hand for writing, reinforces the concepts of “right-left”, “top-bottom”, learns to navigate in space and on a notebook sheet, fixes the score within 10. Children learn to focus on what an adult says, understand him and work in accordance with his instructions. Without this skill, schooling will be very difficult for them.
We suggest you watch a video of how a child writes a graphic dictation in practice.
Graphic dictations contribute to the development of the ability to keep attention on a specific task, develop spatial imagination, thinking, fantasy, creativity, perseverance. The kid learns to coordinate his movements.
Drawing by cells helps to overcome such difficulties that often arise in the initial period of training for many children, such as undeveloped spelling vigilance, absent-mindedness. They also contribute to the fact that the child's horizons are expanding, his vocabulary is increasing. Children are introduced to different ways of depicting objects on a piece of paper.
Important Points
Performing a graphic dictation is an exciting game for a child. It is she who is the leading activity for preschoolers. Adults who decide to engage with a child should always remember this.
- Praise your child for a well-done drawing.
- Do not scold the baby for an unsuccessful job.
- Help him find and fix the mistake.
- Do not rush the child in the process of drawing.
- Do not rush to move on to more complex versions of drawings, especially if the child still makes mistakes in simple ones.
- Encourage the child's initiative to compose such a dictation on their own.
- Allow him to color or shade the finished work, but do not insist on it.
- Remember that children cannot study for a long time. For older preschoolers, the maximum duration of a lesson should be no more than 25-30 minutes.
- Do not insist on continuing to work if the baby is tired.
- Conduct classes in a variety of ways. Tell your child interesting stories about the depicted subject.
- At first, help the baby by completing the task with him on your sheet or on the board, so that the child sees how and where to move, learns to count the cells in the right direction. Menu