Wind power

Wind energy, using wind wheels and wind carousels, is now being revived, primarily in ground-based installations. The wind blows everywhere - on land and at sea. The man did not immediately understand that

the movement of air masses is associated with uneven temperature changes and the rotation of the earth, but this did not stop our ancestors from using the wind for navigation.

Inland there is no constant wind direction. Since different areas of land heat up differently at different times of the year, we can only talk about the predominant seasonal direction of the wind. In addition, at different heights the wind behaves differently, and at heights up to 50 meters yaw currents are characteristic.

For a surface layer 500 meters thick, wind energy converted into heat is approximately 82 trillion kilowatt-hours per year. Of course, it is impossible to use all of it, in particular for the reason that frequently installed wind turbines will shade each other. At the same time, the energy taken from the wind will eventually turn back into heat.

Average annual air flow speeds at a hundred-meter altitude exceed 7 m/s. If you reach a height of 100 meters, using a suitable natural hill, then you can install an effective wind turbine everywhere.

Harness for the wind

The principle of operation of all wind turbines is the same: under the pressure of the wind, a wind wheel with blades rotates, transmitting torque through a transmission system to the shaft of a generator that generates electricity, a water pump or an electric generator. The larger the diameter of the wind wheel, the greater the air flow it captures and the more energy the unit generates.

The fundamental simplicity here gives exceptional scope for design creativity, but only to the inexperienced eye does the wind turbine seem to be a simple design. The traditional layout of wind turbines - with a horizontal axis of rotation - is a good solution for units of small size and power. When the blade spans grew, this arrangement turned out to be ineffective, since at different heights the wind blows in different directions. In this case, not only is it impossible to optimally orient the unit in the wind, but there is also a danger of the blades being destroyed.

In addition, the ends of the blades of a large installation, moving at high speed, create noise. However, the main obstacle to the use of wind energy is still economic - the power of the unit remains small and the share of costs for its operation turns out to be significant. As a result, the cost of energy does not allow horizontal axis wind turbines to provide real competition to traditional energy sources.

According to forecasts from Boeing (USA), the length of the blades of winged wind turbines will not exceed 60 meters, which will make it possible to create wind turbines of a traditional layout with a capacity of 7 MW. Today the largest of them are twice as “weaker”. In large-scale wind energy, only with mass construction can one expect that the price per kilowatt-hour will drop to ten cents.

Low-power units can produce energy that is approximately three times more expensive. For comparison, we note that the vane wind turbine, mass-produced in 1991 by NPO Vetroen, had a blade span of 6 meters and a power of 4 kW.

Its kilowatt hour cost 8...10 kopecks.

Most types of wind turbines have been known for so long that history is silent about the names of their inventors. The main types of wind turbines are shown in the figure. They are divided into two groups:

wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation (vane) (2...5); wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation (rotary: bladed (1) and orthogonal (6)).

The types of vane wind turbines differ only in the number of blades.

Winged

For vane wind turbines, the greatest efficiency of which is achieved when the air flow is perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the wing blades, a device for automatic rotation of the rotation axis is required. For this purpose, a stabilizer wing is used. Carousel wind turbines have the advantage that they can operate in any wind direction without changing their position. The coefficient of wind energy utilization (see figure) for vane wind turbines is much higher than for rotary wind turbines.

At the same time, carousels have a much higher torque. It is maximum for rotary blade units at zero relative wind speed.

The spread of impeller wind turbines is explained by the magnitude of their rotation speed. They can be directly connected to an electric current generator without a multiplier. The rotation speed of vane wind turbines is inversely proportional to the number of wings, so units with more blades

three are practically not used.

Carousel

The difference in aerodynamics gives rotary turbines an advantage over traditional wind turbines. As the wind speed increases, they quickly increase their thrust force, after which the rotation speed stabilizes. Carousel wind turbines

low-speed and this allows the use of simple electrical circuits, for example, with an asynchronous generator, without risk

suffer an accident due to a random gust of wind. Slowness puts forward one limiting requirement - the use of a multi-pole generator operating at low speeds. Such generators are not widespread, and the use of multipliers (lat. multiplicator

multiplying] - increasing gear) is not effective due to the low efficiency of the latter.

An even more important advantage of the carousel design was its ability to monitor “where the wind is blowing” without additional tricks, which is very important for surface yaw flows. Wind turbines of this type are being built in the USA, Japan, England, Germany, and Canada. The rotary blade wind turbine is the easiest to operate. Its design ensures maximum torque when starting the wind turbine and automatic self-regulation of the maximum rotation speed during operation. As the load increases, the rotation speed decreases and the torque increases until a complete stop.

Orthogonal

Orthogonal wind turbines, as experts believe, are promising for large-scale energy. Today, wind worshipers of orthogonal designs face certain difficulties. Among them, in particular, is the launch problem.

Orthogonal installations use the same wing profile as a subsonic aircraft (see Fig. (6)).

The plane, before “leaning” on the lifting force of the wing, must take off. The same is the case with the orthogonal installation. First, you need to supply energy to it - spin it up and bring it to certain aerodynamic parameters, and only then it itself will switch from engine mode to generator mode.

Power take-off begins at a wind speed of about 5 m/s, and the rated power is achieved at a speed of 14...16 m/s.

Preliminary calculations of wind turbines provide for their use in the range from 50 to 20,000 kW. In a realistic 2000 kW installation, the diameter of the ring along which the wings move would be about 80 meters. The powerful wind turbine is large in size. However, you can get by with small ones - take the number, not the size. By equipping each electric generator with a separate converter, you can sum up the output power generated by the generators. In this case, the reliability and survivability of the wind turbine increases.

Unexpected uses for wind turbines

Actually working wind turbines have revealed a number of negative phenomena. For example, the proliferation of wind turbines can make it difficult to receive television broadcasts and create powerful sound waves.

Wind turbines can do more than just generate energy. The ability to attract attention by spinning without expending energy is used for advertising. The simplest one is a single-blade carousel wind turbine, which is a rectangular plate with bent edges.

Mounted on the wall, it begins to rotate even with a slight wind.

On a large wing area, a three- to four-bladed carousel wind turbine can rotate advertising posters and a small generator. The electricity stored in the battery can illuminate the wings with advertising at night, and in calm weather, rotate them.

Introduction

Energy consumption, and with it its cost, is increasing all over the world, and our country is no exception. But the planet's resources are beginning to deplete, and environmental problems are causing increasing concern. That is why interest in non-traditional, environmentally friendly energy sources - wind, sun, waves - is constantly growing.

This paper examines low-power wind power plants. The experience of their operation, technical characteristics, efficiency and convenience are analyzed. Based on this, a conclusion is drawn about the advantages of using such installations in some industries and remote areas.

The prospects and possibilities for using low-power wind power plants in Russia are described, as well as the successful experience of implementing similar projects in other countries.

Energy comes from the wind

Farmers, gardeners, shift workers, geologists, and livestock breeders are experiencing an acute shortage of energy. And in areas that are relatively prosperous in terms of energy supply, things are far from being the best. Power outages due to natural disasters, the crisis of non-payments and simply theft of wires are becoming - alas - a common occurrence. If we also remember that, according to the Ministry of Emergency Situations, 80% of high-voltage power lines in the country are extremely worn out, the situation seems completely sad. And we have long been accustomed to living in illuminated houses, watching TV, using a refrigerator, computer and other household appliances, so we perceive even a short-term power outage as a small, but still a real disaster.

How much energy do we need?

At the 3rd International Scientific and Technical Conference “Energy Supply and Energy Saving in Agriculture” held in May 2003, very alarming words were heard. “Destructive processes have been taking place in rural electrification in Russia since 1990. Rural power grids have fallen into disrepair,... service has been eliminated,... interruptions in power supply have increased,... tariffs have increased exorbitantly,... the administration of RAO UES has not only canceled the preferential tariff for agricultural power consumers, but in many regions tariffs are set 20-30% higher than for industrial consumers and the urban population, there is no investment,... at the same time, the need for everyday life and personal households has increased. We are looking for an alternative in power supply” (from the speech of Academician of the Russian Agricultural Academy I.F. Borodin).

About 30% of farms and 20% of garden plots in Russia are not connected to electrical networks at all. The construction of new power lines to supply remote isolated consumers is extremely slow due to a chronic lack of funds, and diesel generators often function inefficiently, and besides, they require regular and qualified maintenance, motor fuel is becoming more and more expensive, its delivery is not reliable and economical enough...

Meanwhile, the average “energy basket” of a rural resident has been calculated, which, at least in the summer, can also include the owners of country cottages. It is 115 kilowatt-hours a month. The figure was not taken out of thin air, but is made up of the requirements for ensuring the so-called “intellectual life”. This includes lighting, radio, television, a household refrigerator, an electric razor, a boiler, small household power tools, a computer, and a garden pump. Let’s not forget that recently a lot of household appliances have appeared that run on built-in batteries that need to be recharged periodically: flashlights, mobile phones, electric shavers, power tools, etc.

Of course, in winter you will need more energy - the house needs to be heated. But since the tradition of stove heating in Russia not only does not become obsolete, but is also experiencing a kind of revival in the form of the emergence of new designs of ultra-economical stoves, and there is no shortage of firewood, additional electricity consumption is not expected here. So where can you get this bare minimum? One of the possibilities is low- and ultra-low-power wind energy.

VEUMM: small does not mean small

Modern wind power plants are divided into two classes: powerful ones, hundreds of thousands of kilowatts, called network-connected because when there is no wind, the consumer is supplied with energy from the network; and autonomous, working in conjunction with a battery. As a rule, the power of autonomous installations does not exceed 5-10 kW. They are called: low-power wind-electric installations (VEUMM).

The German scientist and practitioner Heinz Schulz drew attention to this unique class of wind-electric installations. He coined the term “Kleine Windkraftanlage” (“small wind power plants”).

It is believed that in areas with average annual wind speeds of less than 4 m/s, the use of wind energy is unprofitable. However, this statement does not apply to small, easily accelerated wind power plants for charging batteries and multi-leaf installations for lifting water. The settlement of the American and Australian interior, where most areas have average annual wind speeds of less than 2 m/s, would have been impossible without them.”

VEUMM are simple and cheap to install, operate and repair, are environmentally friendly, do not require virtually any maintenance during operation, periodic adjustments, etc. A wind motor-generator pair can do without a gearbox, which further simplifies and reduces the cost of the design and increases its reliability.

No other class of non-traditional energy installations has such a comprehensive set of essential properties. Moreover, they can provide energy supply in regions with an average wind speed of only 3-5 m/s. In fact, the owner of a VEUMM acquires almost complete independence from both traditional energy producers and natural phenomena.

Compared to Europe and the USA, much fewer wind turbines are produced in our country. Perhaps this is due to the lack of awareness of potential consumers or the relative cheapness of liquid fuel, but there are manufacturers of wind generators in the country, and their products are not inferior in quality to foreign ones. Based on design characteristics, manufactured units are divided into two groups. The first includes installations with a power of up to 1000 W. As an example, we can cite a family of installations produced by the St. Petersburg enterprise FSUE Central Research Institute Elektropribor. These are mobile devices with a three-blade wind wheel with a diameter of 1.5 or 2.2 meters, the installation of which is so simple that the consumer can handle it independently. When packaged, the unit (without battery) is placed in two boxes with a total weight of 50 kg.

Fig. 1. Examples and appearance of VEUMM.

The installation has an original weather vane system, which constantly orients the wind wheel towards the wind and at the same time protects the device from too much wind pressure. Like any ordinary windmill, in the horizontal plane the weather vane under the influence of the wind is capable of turning in both directions by several turns. When the wind stops, a special spring returns it to its original position, preventing the cable from twisting, which is used to remove the energy. In addition, the generator, together with the wind wheel, is capable of rotating in a vertical plane. If the wind becomes too strong and threatens to damage the installation, the wheel with the generator rotates around a horizontal axis, optimizing the wind pressure, up to an angle of 900, when the blades are parallel to the air flow.

The installations of the second group (UVE 1000 and UVE 1500) are close to stationary. A five-blade wind wheel with a diameter of 3.3 m is mounted on a prefabricated mast made of pipes with steel braces. The mast requires a foundation and special devices for installation and dismantling. To protect against strong winds, a different solution is used. The generator is mounted asymmetrically on a rotary bearing. When wind pressure increases, the generator body begins to sail, turning the wind wheel in a horizontal plane. The wind subsides and the weather vane spring returns the wheel to its previous position.

It is also worth noting that if the specific cost of foreign European analogs of wind turbines with a nominal power range of up to 5 kW ranges from 1.4 to 6.4 euros per watt, then the same figure for most Russian wind turbines is three times lower.

The transition to the energy sector of medium-power wind turbines is quite simple to implement by creating energy complexes (EC) consisting of several installations (5-10 units). The summation of power is carried out on a single battery. Although such a complex cannot be placed on six dacha acres, it will still occupy a small area. The rated power of the EC can be increased to 10-15 kW, peak power - up to 20-25 kW, output - up to 1800 kWh/month, but the manufacturing cost is reduced by 3-4 times.

Such a complex is capable of completely providing energy, not just a large farm or a small village. It should be noted that in this case it is necessary to provide a power reserve in the form of a diesel power plant.

Thanks to their truly unique operational properties and technical characteristics, VEUMM are capable of not only ensuring the everyday life of rural and country houses. They can be an alternative in solving the problem of providing energy to a wide variety of autonomous stations: navigation, radio relay, meteorological, servicing oil and gas pipelines, etc.

Many such stations are located in hard-to-reach areas at a considerable distance from human habitation - on the coast of the Arctic Ocean, in the taiga and tundra, where delivering the necessary equipment is a considerable problem.

Gradually, many stations were switched to automatic mode, but the problem of their energy supply is still quite acute. It is necessary not only to reduce the costs of their maintenance and service, but also to guarantee reliable operation. VUEMM are suitable for these purposes. They are simple and reliable in manufacturing, operation, transportation, installation, and repair. Finally, compared to any other energy source, they are extremely cheap.

Conclusion

The abstract presents one of the possibilities for solving the problem associated with the energy supply of agriculture or private property through the use of wind power plants. Such installations can become an alternative to traditional methods of power supply to these facilities.

Literature

Solonitsyn A. The second coming of wind energy // “Science and Life”, 2004, No. 3.

Heinz Schulz. “Kleine Windkraftanlage” Technik. Erfahrungen. Mebergebnisse. Okobuch Verlag, Staufen, 1993.

Fateev E. M. Wind engines. - M.: GINTI of mechanical engineering literature, 1962.

www.elektropribor.spb.ru/rufrset.

Completed by: Roman Panov, 10a

Teacher: Gavrina I.E.

Alternative energy is a set of promising methods of obtaining energy that are not as widespread as traditional ones, but are of interest because of the profitability of their use with a low risk of harming the ecology of the area.

An alternative energy source is a method, device or structure that makes it possible to obtain electrical energy and replaces traditional energy sources that operate on oil, extracted natural gas and coal. The purpose of searching for alternative energy sources is the need to obtain it from the energy of renewable or practically inexhaustible natural resources and phenomena. Environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness may also be taken into account.

The leading environmentally friendly source of energy is the Sun.

The energy of the Sun is calculated by the formula:

where, R e is the emissivity of the Sun

Wind energy is a branch of energy specializing in the use of wind energy - the kinetic energy of air masses in the atmosphere.

Windmills that produce electricity were invented in the 19th century in Denmark. The first wind power station was built there in 1890, and by 1908 there were already 72 stations with a capacity of 5 to 25 kW. The largest of them had a tower height of 24 m and four-blade rotors with a diameter of 23 m. The predecessor of modern horizontal axis wind farms had a power of 100 kW and was built in 1931 in Yalta. It had a tower 30 m high.

The bulk of the cost of wind energy is determined by the initial costs of building very expensive wind turbine structures.

Fuel economy

Wind generators consume virtually no fossil fuels during operation. Operating a 1 MW wind generator over 20 years can save approximately 29 thousand tons of coal or 92 thousand barrels of oil.

• Prove that wind energy is the converted energy of solar rays.
• The energy of the sun controls the weather on Earth. Wind is formed as a result of non-uniform heating of the air: in places more heated by the Sun, warm air rises, and cold air takes its place. Thus, wind energy is a derivative of solar energy.

tidal power station(TPP) is a special type of hydroelectric power station that uses the energy of tides, and in fact the kinetic energy of the Earth’s rotation. Tidal power plants are built on the shores of seas, where the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun change the water level twice a day. Fluctuations in water levels near the shore can reach 13 meters.

To obtain energy, the bay or river mouth is blocked with a dam in which hydraulic units are installed, which can operate both in generator mode and in pump mode (to pump water into the reservoir for subsequent operation in the absence of tides). In the latter case, they are called pumped storage power plants.

Wave energy- energy transferred by waves on the surface of the ocean. It can be used to perform useful work - generating electricity, desalinating water and pumping water into reservoirs. Wave energy is a renewable energy source.

Wave energy is the concentrated energy of wind and eventually solar energy. The power received from the disturbance of all the oceans of the planet cannot be greater than the power received from the Sun. But the power density of electric generators powered by waves can be much greater than for other alternative energy sources.

A solar power plant is an engineering structure that converts solar radiation into electrical energy. The methods for converting solar radiation are different and depend on the design of the power plant.

Types of solar power plants

• SES tower type
• Dishes-type SES
• SES using photo batteries
• SPPs using parabolic concentrators
• Combined SES
• Balloon solar power plants

These power plants are based on the principle of producing water vapor using solar radiation. In the center of the station there is a tower with a height of 18 to 24 meters (depending on the power and some other parameters, the height can be more or less), on top of which there is a reservoir with water. This tank is painted black to absorb heat radiation. Also in this tower there is a pumping group that delivers steam to the turbogenerator, which is located outside the tower. Heliostats are located in a circle from the tower at some distance. A heliostat is a mirror with an area of ​​several square meters, mounted on a support and connected to a general positioning system. That is, depending on the position of the sun, the mirror will change its orientation in space. The main and most labor-intensive task is positioning all the station mirrors so that at any moment in time all reflected rays from them hit the tank. In clear sunny weather, the temperature in the tank can reach 700 degrees. These temperature parameters are used in most traditional thermal power plants, so standard turbines are used to produce energy. In fact, at stations of this type it is possible to obtain a relatively high efficiency (about 20%) and high powers.

Geothermal power plant (GeoTES) is a type of power plant that generates electrical energy from the thermal energy of underground sources (for example, geysers).

Geothermal energy is energy obtained from the natural heat of the Earth. This heat can be achieved using wells. The geothermal gradient in the well increases by 1 °C every 36 meters. This heat is delivered to the surface in the form of steam or hot water. Such heat can be used both directly for heating houses and buildings, and for generating electricity.

Renewable (alternative) energy sources account for only about 1% of global electricity generation. We are talking primarily about geothermal power plants (GeoTES), which generate a considerable part of the electricity in the countries of Central America, the Philippines, and Iceland; Iceland is also an example of a country where thermal waters are widely used for heating.

Tidal power plants (TPP) are currently available only in a few countries - France, Great Britain, Canada, Russia, India, and China.

Solar power plants (SPP) operate in more than 30 countries.

Recently, many countries have been expanding the use of wind power plants (WPP). Most of them are in Western European countries (Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands), the USA, India, and China. Denmark gets 25% of its energy from wind

1 of 13

Presentation on the topic:

Slide no. 1

Slide description:

Slide no. 2

Slide description:

Wind energy on earth is inexhaustible. For many centuries, people have been trying to turn wind energy to their advantage by building wind stations that perform various functions: mills, water and oil pumps, power plants. As the practice and experience of many countries have shown, the use of wind energy is extremely profitable, since, firstly, the cost of wind is zero, and secondly, electricity is obtained from wind energy, and not by burning carbon fuel, the combustion products of which are known to be dangerous. impact on humans.

Slide no. 3

Slide description:

Rotary wind power station (WPP) It converts the kinetic energy of the wind flow into electrical energy. A wind farm consists of a wind-mechanical device (rotor or propeller), an electric current generator, automatic devices for controlling the operation of the wind engine and generator, and structures for their installation and maintenance.

Slide no. 4

Slide description:

A wind power plant is a set of technical devices for converting the kinetic energy of wind flow into mechanical energy of rotation of the generator rotor. A wind turbine consists of one or more wind turbines, an accumulating or backup device and automatic control and regulation systems for the installation's operating modes. Remote areas, insufficiently supplied with electricity, have practically no other economically viable alternative, such as the construction of wind power plants.

Slide no. 5

Slide description:

Wind has kinetic energy, which can be converted by a wind-mechanical device into mechanical energy, and then by an electric generator into electrical energy. Wind speed is measured in kilometers per hour (km/h) or meters per second (m/s): 1 km/h = 0.28 m/s 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h. Wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. Wind energy = 1/2 dAtS3d - air density, A - area through which air passes, t - time period, S - wind speed.

Slide no. 6

Slide description:

Power (P) is proportional to the wind energy passing through a surface ("swept surface") per unit time. Wind power = 1/2 dAS3

Slide no. 7

Slide description:

Wind is characterized by the following indicators: average monthly and average annual speed in accordance with gradations in magnitude and external characteristics on the Beaufort scale; maximum gust speed is a very important indicator of the stability of a wind power plant; direction of the wind/winds – “wind rose”, frequency of changes in wind directions and strength (Fig. 1); turbulence is the internal structure of the air flow, which creates speed gradients not only in the horizontal, but also in the vertical plane; gustiness - change in wind speed per unit time; wind flow density, depending on atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity. wind can be a single-phase, as well as a two-phase and multiphase medium containing drops of liquid and solid particles of different sizes moving inside the flow at different speeds.

Slide no. 8

Slide description:

Slide no. 9

Slide description:

Use of wind energy In 2008, the total wind energy capacity increased worldwide to 120 GW. Wind power plants around the world produced about 200 billion kWh in 2007, representing approximately 1.3% of global electricity consumption. Worldwide, more than 400 thousand people were employed in the wind energy industry in 2008. In 2008, the global wind power equipment market grew to 36.5 billion euros, or about 46.8 billion US dollars. In 2007, 61% of installed wind power plants were concentrated in Europe, 20% in North America, and 17% in Asia. In 2009, wind farms in China generated about 1.3% of the country's total electricity generation. In China, a law on renewable energy sources has been in force since 2006. It is expected that by 2020 wind energy capacity will reach 80-100 GW.

Slide no. 10

Slide description:

Slide no. 11

Slide description:

Wind energy in the Republic of Belarus Wind energy, like any economic sector, must have three mandatory components that ensure its functioning: wind energy resources, wind energy equipment, and developed wind infrastructure. 1. For the wind energy sector of Belarus, the wind energy resource is practically unlimited. The country has a developed centralized power grid and a large amount of free space not occupied by economic entities. Therefore, the placement of wind power plants (WPP) and wind power stations (WPS) is determined only by the competent placement of wind power equipment on suitable areas.2. Opportunities for purchasing foreign wind equipment are very limited due to the lack of sufficient choice of exactly the equipment for wind turbines and wind farms that corresponds to the climatic conditions of Belarus, as well as the powerful opposition of responsible administrative officials from the official energy sector.3. The lack of infrastructure for the design, implementation and operation of wind technology and, accordingly, practical experience and qualified personnel can only be overcome through active cooperation with representatives of developed wind energy infrastructure abroad.

Slide no. 12

Slide description:

Slide no. 13

Slide description:

Winds that form in continental areas and northern latitudes are characterized by sharp gusts and frequent changes of direction, and differ from the rather calm winds of the European sea coast (Netherlands, Germany). The structure of the wind changes depending on the height above the earth's surface, while the stability of the air flow increases in high layers of air. The difference in wind temperament requires a certain constructive approach when creating a wind farm. The proposed solution is universal for winds of any direction and speed, including storm winds.

The history of wind energy begins from time immemorial: wind energy has been reliably and faithfully serving people for more than 6,000 years. The first simple wind turbines were used in ancient times in Egypt and China. Thus, in the city of Alexandria, the remains of stone drum-type windmills (II-I centuries BC) have been preserved. The Persians (in the 7th century AD) built windmills of a more advanced design - winged ones. Somewhat later, in the 8th-9th centuries, windmills appeared in Rus' and Europe. (5) Starting from the 13th century, wind engines became widespread in Western Europe, especially in Holland, Denmark and England, for raising water, grinding grain and driving various machines. It should be noted that before the Great October Revolution, there were about 250 thousand windmills in Russian peasant farms, which annually ground half the harvest. With the invention of steam engines, and then internal combustion engines and electric motors, the old primitive wind engines and mills were driven out of many industries and left to agriculture. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian scientist N. E. Zhukovsky developed the theory of a high-speed wind engine and laid the scientific foundations for the creation of high-performance wind engines capable of using wind energy more efficiently. They were built by his students after the organization of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in 1918.

Soviet scientists and engineers theoretically substantiated fundamentally new schemes and created wind power plants and wind power stations (WPPs) of various types with power up to 100 kW, perfect in design, for mechanization and electrification and other purposes. A great contribution to the history of wind energy and its use was made by such Soviet scientists as: N.V. Krasovsky, G.Kh.Sabinin, E.M. Fateev and many others. In the 20th century scientific and technological progress, which was gaining momentum at a tremendous pace, radically changed the technological picture of the world. Steel, oil, gas, new materials and opportunities have pushed far into the background the achievements of human civilization in wind energy. However, the active use of oil, coal and gas can lead to their disappearance, so many countries have begun to develop so-called non-traditional or alternative energy - renewable energy sources, which also have environmental advantages. But, as you know, the new is the well-forgotten old and, therefore, humanity is once again turning its attention to wind energy.